Mahnken, K. (2018, April 15). Study: Kids Who Struggle With Executive Function Vastly More Likely to Experience Academic Difficulties. Retrieved May 21, 2018

Kindergartners who experience deficits in executive function — a set of cognitive skills that allow people to plan, solve problems, and control impulses — are much more likely to face academic difficulties in elementary school, according to a new working paper that was presented to the American Educational Research Association’s annual meeting Friday. In math alone, their odds of struggling by third grade are increased fivefold, authors find.