Cash, R. (2017, August 11). Understanding Underachievement in Gifted Learners.

There are six basic steps to developing empathy: listening, understanding, internalizing, projecting, planning, and intervening. The first two steps—listening and understanding—constitute awareness: Students must first pay attention to others and then take the time to learn what is being said and how (and for more mature students, perceiving what isn’t being said). Understanding doesn’t necessarily mean agreeing; it simply means having a cognitive grasp of another person’s views.